Physiological Diseases

1- Fruit drop

The fig produces four types of flowers (male, female, Gall and mule). The male and female flowers are most often associated with the type fig of early summer (Baaona) (copptic month). This fig requires a wasp for pollination. The wasp does not occur at this time, thus the fruit drop. The common fig grown in August produces primarily mule flowers. Mule flowers need no pollination.

2- Little leaves

The Causal organism:   Zinc deficiency

Symptoms:

          -Leaves become yellow color.

          -Leaves become undersize.

Control:

                   USE            KELKAT Zinc

 Fungal disease:

1-Fig Rust

The Causal organism:   Cerotelium Fici.

Symptoms:

          The disease is first evident as small, angular, yellow-green flecks on the leaf. The spots do not become extremely large but do become more yellow and finally a yellowish –brown. The margin of the spot is reddish in color. On the upper surface the spots appear as small blisters. Brown spores are released from the blisters at maturity. As infection continues, the leaves become more yellow, and finally the begin to die around the leaf margins.

Eventually death and defoliation occur. Complete defoliation can occur. Fig rust generally becomes a problem as the fruit reaches maturity.

Control:

          USE            COBOX      50%WP      250g/100L.W

(Fungicide application should be started in early spring when the first leaves are completely grown)

2-Canker on fig trees:

The Causal organism:   Phomopsis cinerescens

Symptoms:

          -Cankers are dead sections of bark on branches or main trunks of trees.

          -The pathogen will quickly colonize wounded tissue. Canker appears as a rough lesions on the affected tissue.

          -Canker may cause extensive damage to trees when they kill all of the bark in particular area, thus girdling a branch or main stem.

          -Girdling results in death of all parts of the plant above the canker.

 Control:

          USE            COBOX      50%WP      250g/100L.W

3-Leaf-spots

The Causal organism:   Mycosphaerella platanifolia.

Symptoms:

          -Leaf spots appear as unevenly round, tan spots with red brown halos that may coalesce into larger, irregularly shaped lesions.

          -The spots on the upper surface are white color, and brown color on the under surface.

  Control:

          USE            Bellis                    30g/100L.W

4-Fig Root Rot:

The Causal organism: there are many pathogens such as:

                             -Phymatotrichum omnivorum.

                             -Phytophthora SPP.       Rizoctonia solani.

Symptoms:

          -The first symptoms are slight yellowing or bronzing of the leaves. The upper –most leaves wilt within 24 to 48 hours after bronzing, followed by wilting of the lower leaves within 72 hours.

          -permanent wilt occurs by the third day, followed by death.

          -Affected plants can be pulled from the soil with little effort.

Control:

          Use    Moncut       1KG/fed

5-Fruit Rot

A-ASpergllus rot:

The Causal organism:   Aspergillus SPP.

Symptoms:

          -The affected area appears as a spot with color turn to black color.

          -The rotted tissue can be readily separated from the surrorounding flesh.

          -The rooted tissue covered with black spores of the fungus.

B- Internal Rot:

The Causal organism:   Fusarium solani

Symptoms:

          -Fig internal rot is also called end sepsis, brown rot, eye-end rot and pink rot.

          -When green, across-section of infected figs will show internal streaks of followers or sometimes entire flowers are brown.

          -As figs soften with maturity, a circular area of skin, usually beginning around the eye, becomes water soaked in appearance.

          -Even partial infection of the pulp causes off-flavor of the fruit.

          -The fungus spores transferred by Blastophage psenes

  Control:

          Use    NOMOLT   50cm/100L.W

Root knot Nematodes:

          Root knot is one of the most common disease problems occurring on figs.

The Causal organism:   Melodogyne SSP.

Symptoms:

          -Infected roots are characterized by small galls or swellings on the roots. The presence of the galls on the root interferes with the normal uptake of nutrients by the roots. Plants infested with root knot are stunted and have a general unhealthy appearance.

Control:

          -Make sure the fig plant is free of root knot.

          -Once planted, the only practice left is to keep the plant in good health with regular fertilizer applications and maintain adequate moisture around the plant.

Insects on figs

1-Fig carpenter worm

The Causal organism:   prionoxytus robiniae.

          -Carpenter worm larvae are wood boring and attack many species of deciduous fruit trees. Eggs are laid in crevices in the bark; the larvae hatch out by boring through the bottom of the egg directly into the wood.

Symptoms:

          -Carpenter worm larvae burrow in the cambium layer of the tree and eventually girdle the limb, causing it to die

          -Active galleries can be recognized by copious amounts of sap and sawdust that result from the larvae cleaning out their burrows.

          -The pest has one generation in April through June.

Control

          USE: NOMOLT            50cm/100L.W

Fig Beetle

The Causal organism:   Cotinis texana

-The adult fig beetle is 0.75 to 1.25 inches long, velvet green on top with a brownish yellow band around the edge of the wings and a bright metallic green color on its ventral side. The head has a short, hornlike process on the soil.

Symptoms:

          -Damage is done by the adults scraping a hole in the fruit and feeding on the flesh inside. Their excrement stains the skin of the fruit.

Control:

          USE: ACTELIC 150cm/100L.W